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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Nervous shark ： ウィキペディア英語版 Nervous shark The nervous shark (''Carcharhinus cautus'') is a species of requiem shark, and part of the family Carcharhinidae, so named because of its timid behavior in regard to humans. It is common in shallow, coastal waters off northern Australia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands. A small brownish or grayish shark typically measuring long, this species has a short, blunt snout, oval eyes, and a relatively large second dorsal fin. The leading margins of most fins are finely edged with black, and the lower caudal fin lobe is black-tipped. Small bony fishes are the main prey of the nervous shark, while crustaceans, molluscs, and snakes may also be eaten. It is viviparous, with the developing embryos nourished through a placental connection. The details of its life history seem to vary depending on latitude—for example, the timing of the breeding season and the length of the gestation period. Females produce litters of one to six young either annually or biennially. The harmless nervous shark is caught incidentally by coastal gillnet fisheries and perhaps also by line and trawl fisheries. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lacks sufficient data to assess the conservation status of this species except in Australian waters, where its population seems healthy and has been listed under Least Concern. ==Taxonomy and phylogeny== Australian ichthyologist Gilbert Percy Whitley originally described the nervous shark as a subspecies of ''Galeolamna greyi'' (a junior synonym of ''Carcharhinus obscurus'', the dusky shark), in a 1945 issue of the scientific journal ''Australian Zoologist''. He gave it the name ''cauta'', meaning "cautious" in Latin, because of its skittish demeanor when confronted by people.〔 Later authors have recognized this shark as a distinct species, placed in the genus ''Carcharhinus''. The type specimen consists of the preserved skin and teeth of a long female caught in Shark Bay, Western Australia.〔 Based on morphology, Jack Garrick suggested in 1982 that the nervous shark is closely related to the blacktip reef shark (''C. melanopterus'').〔 Leonard Compagno in 1988 tentatively grouped these two species with the blacknose shark (''C. acronotus''), the copper shark (''C. brachyurus''), the silky shark (''C. falciformis''), and the night shark (''C. signatus'').〔 The close relationship between the nervous and blacktip reef sharks was upheld in a 1992 phylogenetic study by Shane Lavery, based on allozymes,〔 and again in a 2011 study by Ximena Vélez-Zuazoa and Ingi Agnarsson, based on nuclear and mitochondrial genes.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nervous shark」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.